DNA & Genetics

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Date:

Instructions: Unravel the mysteries of DNA, genes, and heredity in this genetics quiz

1.
What does DNA stand for?
A
Dynamic Nucleic Arrangement
B
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
C
Dual Nitrogen Alloy
D
Dinitrogen Acid
2.
Who discovered the double helix structure of DNA in 1953?
A
Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin
B
James Watson and Francis Crick
C
Barbara McClintock and Thomas Morgan
D
Rosalind Franklin and Linus Pauling
3.
Which scientist is known as the 'father of genetics' for his work with pea plants?
A
Louis Pasteur
B
Gregor Mendel
C
Charles Darwin
D
Carl Linnaeus
4.
How many pairs of chromosomes does a typical human cell contain?
A
21
B
23
C
46
D
25
5.
Which four bases make up the 'rungs' of the DNA ladder?
A
Arginine, Threonine, Glutamine, Choline
B
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
C
Alanine, Tryptophan, Glycine, Cysteine
D
Asparagine, Tyrosine, Glucose, Cellulose
6.
What is the term for a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein?
A
Genome
B
Allele
C
Gene
D
Chromosome
7.
What project, completed in 2003, mapped the entire human genome?
A
Gene Therapy Project
B
DNA Initiative
C
Human Genome Project
D
Genetic Atlas Project
8.
What is the name of the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself?
A
Translation
B
Mutation
C
Replication
D
Transcription
9.
Dolly the sheep, born in 1996, was famous for being the first what?
A
Test-tube animal
B
Animal with artificial DNA
C
Genetically modified animal
D
Cloned mammal from an adult cell
10.
What revolutionary gene-editing technology was developed in the 2010s?
A
CRISPR-Cas9
B
Gel electrophoresis
C
PCR
D
Western blot
11.
What type of inheritance pattern means a trait is only expressed when two copies of the allele are present?
A
Codominant
B
Polygenic
C
Recessive
D
Dominant
12.
Which molecule carries genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis?
A
Transfer RNA
B
Messenger RNA
C
Ribosomal RNA
D
MicroRNA
13.
What is a change in the DNA sequence called?
A
Translation
B
Mutation
C
Replication
D
Transcription
14.
Which sex chromosomes determine a biological male in humans?
A
XO
B
XX
C
XY
D
YY
15.
Whose X-ray crystallography work was crucial to discovering DNA's structure?
A
Lise Meitner
B
Dorothy Hodgkin
C
Rosalind Franklin
D
Marie Curie

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