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Ethics & Moral Philosophy

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Date: 

Instructions: Explore the big questions of right, wrong, and how we should live

  1. 1.

    Which philosopher is most associated with the ethical theory of utilitarianism?

    A
    Immanuel Kant
    B
    Aristotle
    C
    Thomas Aquinas
    D
    John Stuart Mill
  2. 2.

    Aristotle's 'virtue ethics' focuses primarily on what?

    A
    Developing good character traits
    B
    Following rules
    C
    Maximizing pleasure
    D
    Obeying divine commands
  3. 3.

    What is the 'Golden Rule' found across many ethical traditions?

    A
    Follow the law at all times
    B
    Seek knowledge above all
    C
    The strongest should rule
    D
    Treat others as you wish to be treated
  4. 4.

    Kant's ethics are often described as 'deontological.' What does this mean?

    A
    Based on duty and moral rules
    B
    Based on emotions
    C
    Based on social customs
    D
    Based on consequences
  5. 5.

    The 'veil of ignorance' is a thought experiment by which philosopher?

    A
    Peter Singer
    B
    John Rawls
    C
    Thomas Hobbes
    D
    Jeremy Bentham
  6. 6.

    What is 'moral relativism'?

    A
    Moral truths are absolute and universal
    B
    Morality comes from God alone
    C
    Ethics is a branch of science
    D
    Moral judgments are true or false relative to a culture or individual
  7. 7.

    The 'divine command theory' holds that moral actions are those that are what?

    A
    Approved by society
    B
    Determined by nature
    C
    Commanded by God
    D
    Based on logic alone
  8. 8.

    Jeremy Bentham proposed what method for calculating the morality of an action?

    A
    The social contract
    B
    The dialectic method
    C
    The felicific calculus (measuring pleasure and pain)
    D
    The categorical imperative
  9. 9.

    What is 'ethical egoism'?

    A
    The belief that ego is evil
    B
    The view that one ought to act in one's own self-interest
    C
    Acting only for others
    D
    A Buddhist teaching
  10. 10.

    Which ancient Greek philosopher founded a school focused on virtue and self-control, known as Stoicism?

    A
    Epicurus
    B
    Zeno of Citium
    C
    Plato
    D
    Diogenes
  11. 11.

    Peter Singer is a contemporary philosopher known for his work in what area of ethics?

    A
    Military ethics
    B
    Legal ethics
    C
    Business ethics
    D
    Animal rights and effective altruism
  12. 12.

    What does the ethical principle of 'do no harm' (non-maleficence) require?

    A
    Follow the law strictly
    B
    Avoid causing unnecessary harm to others
    C
    Always maximize good
    D
    Put family first
  13. 13.

    The concept of 'natural law' in ethics suggests that moral principles are derived from what?

    A
    Nature and human reason
    B
    Human-made laws
    C
    Religious texts only
    D
    Scientific experiments
  14. 14.

    What is the 'is-ought problem' identified by David Hume?

    A
    The challenge of defining beauty
    B
    The question of God's existence
    C
    The difficulty of moving from factual statements to moral judgments
    D
    The problem of free will
  15. 15.

    Simone de Beauvoir's 'Ethics of Ambiguity' is grounded in which philosophical movement?

    A
    Utilitarianism
    B
    Existentialism
    C
    Pragmatism
    D
    Logical positivism

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